Research Area: Generative Multimodal AI

How can generative models synthesize and represent information across sensors, scales, and modalities? We develop generative methods for images, 3D scenes, panoramas, and multimodal earth data. Recent work includes open-world generation of stereo images with unsupervised matching (GenStereo), fine-grained satellite image synthesis with structured semantics (VectorSynth), geospatially guided diffusion for mixed-view panorama synthesis, zero-shot soundscape mapping from satellite imagery (Sat2Sound), and diffusion-guided visual active search in partially observable environments (DiffVAS). Our research connects generative modeling to geospatial science, from consistent text-to-360 scene generation to synthetic data for downstream vision and ecology tasks.

All Publications

  1. Iqbal H, Cher D, Xing E, Kolouju P, Stylianou A, Pless R, Jacobs N. 2027. GeoDIVE: Geospatial Descent Informed by Value Estimation. In: IEEE/CVF Winter Conference on Applications of Computer Vision (WACV).
  2. Thumbnail for GenOpticalFlow: A Generative Approach to Unsupervised Optical Flow Learning
    Luo Y, Qiao F, Xiong Z, Li Y, Jacobs N. 2027. GenOpticalFlow: A Generative Approach to Unsupervised Optical Flow Learning. In: IEEE/CVF Winter Conference on Applications of Computer Vision (WACV).
  3. Thumbnail for ActWorld: From Explorable to Interactive World Model via Action-Aware Memory
    Xiong Z, Song Y, Kang H, Yan Q, Jiang L, Yang J, Fu Z, Fotiadis S, Wang A, Liu Z, Liu B, Yang Y, Lu X, Jacobs N. 2026. ActWorld: From Explorable to Interactive World Model via Action-Aware Memory. In: Neural Information Processing Systems (NeurIPS).
  4. Thumbnail for Genesis: A Generative Engine for Hierarchical Satellite Image Synthesis
    Khanal S, Cui Y, Cher D, Xing E, Wei B, Sastry S, Jacobs N. 2026. Genesis: A Generative Engine for Hierarchical Satellite Image Synthesis. In: ACM SIGSPATIAL International Conference on Advances in Geographic Information Systems (ACM SIGSPATIAL). DOI: 10.1145/3841645.3843313.
  5. Thumbnail for UniDrive-WM: Unified Understanding, Planning and Generation World Model For Autonomous Driving
    Xiong Z, Ye X, Yaman B, Cheng S, Lu Y, Luo J, Jacobs N, Ren L. 2026. UniDrive-WM: Unified Understanding, Planning and Generation World Model For Autonomous Driving. In: European Conference on Computer Vision (ECCV).
  6. Thumbnail for TerraDiT: Point-Conditioned Diffusion Transformer for Satellite Image Synthesis
    Sastry S, Cher D, Wei B, Dhakal A, Khanal S, Gupta D, Jacobs N. 2026. TerraDiT: Point-Conditioned Diffusion Transformer for Satellite Image Synthesis. In: TerraBytes — Towards global datasets and models for Earth observation (European Conference on Computer Vision (ECCV) Workshop).
  7. Thumbnail for Trajectory-aware Cross-view Geo-Localization with Sequential Observations
    Gao T, Lin J, Beaulieu D, Jacobs N. 2026. Trajectory-aware Cross-view Geo-Localization with Sequential Observations. In: European Conference on Computer Vision (ECCV).
  8. Thumbnail for Tesselating The Earth
    Cher D, Iqbal H, Xing E, Wei B, Jacobs N. 2026. Tesselating The Earth. In: European Conference on Computer Vision (ECCV).
  9. Thumbnail for TerraDiT-Ω: Unified Spatial Control for Satellite Image Synthesis with Any Geospatial Primitive
    Wei B, Sastry S, Cher D, Xing E, Jacobs N. 2026. TerraDiT-Ω: Unified Spatial Control for Satellite Image Synthesis with Any Geospatial Primitive. In: European Conference on Computer Vision (ECCV).
  10. Thumbnail for Sat2Sound: A Unified Framework for Zero-Shot Soundscape Mapping
    Khanal S, Sastry S, Dhakal A, Ahmad A, Jacobs N. 2026. Sat2Sound: A Unified Framework for Zero-Shot Soundscape Mapping. In: IEEE/ISPRS Workshop: Large Scale Computer Vision for Remote Sensing (EARTHVISION).
  11. Thumbnail for SimLBR: Learning to Detect Fake Images by Learning to Detect Real Images
    Dhakal A, Khanal S, Sastry S, Arndt J, Dias PA, Lunga D, Jacobs N. 2026. SimLBR: Learning to Detect Fake Images by Learning to Detect Real Images. In: IEEE/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR).
  12. Thumbnail for StereoGenBench: A Synthetic Multi-Camera Benchmark for Stereo Generation under Controlled Baseline Regimes
    Cui Y, Qiao F, Jacobs N. 2026. StereoGenBench: A Synthetic Multi-Camera Benchmark for Stereo Generation under Controlled Baseline Regimes.
  13. Thumbnail for DiffVAS: Diffusion-Guided Visual Active Search in Partially Observable Environments
    Sarkar A, Sastry S, Pirinen A, Jacobs N, Vorobeychik Y. 2026. DiffVAS: Diffusion-Guided Visual Active Search in Partially Observable Environments. In: International Conference on Autonomous Agents and Multiagent Systems (AAMAS).
  14. Thumbnail for VectorSynth: Fine-Grained Satellite Image Synthesis with Structured Semantics
    Cher D, Wei B, Sastry S, Jacobs N. 2026. VectorSynth: Fine-Grained Satellite Image Synthesis with Structured Semantics. In: IEEE Winter Conference on Applications of Computer Vision (WACV).
  15. Thumbnail for PhysAlign: Physics-Coherent Image-to-Video Generation through Feature and 3D Representation Alignment
    Xiong Z, Song Y, He L, Xiong W, Yuan Y, Qiao F, Jacobs N. 2026. PhysAlign: Physics-Coherent Image-to-Video Generation through Feature and 3D Representation Alignment. 2603.13770.
  16. Thumbnail for GroundingBooth: Grounding Text-to-Image Customization
    Xiong Z, Xiong W, Shi J, Zhang H, Song Y, Jacobs N. 2026. GroundingBooth: Grounding Text-to-Image Customization. Transactions on Machine Learning Research (TMLR) 2409.08520.
  17. Thumbnail for Track2View: 4D-Consistent Camera-Controlled Video Generation via Paired 3D Point Tracks
    Qiao F, An Z, Xiong Z, Belongie S, Jacobs N. 2026. Track2View: 4D-Consistent Camera-Controlled Video Generation via Paired 3D Point Tracks.
  18. Thumbnail for QuARI: Query Adaptive Retrieval Improvement
    Xing E, Stylianou A, Pless R, Jacobs N. 2025. QuARI: Query Adaptive Retrieval Improvement. In: Neural Information Processing Systems (NeurIPS).
  19. Thumbnail for Generative AI for SAR-to-Optical Image Translation: A Systematic Literature Review (2021–2025)
    Dove T, Xie Z, Tang M, Ye X, Jacobs N, Liang G. 2025. Generative AI for SAR-to-Optical Image Translation: A Systematic Literature Review (2021–2025). DOI: 10.36227/techrxiv.176287415.57044116/v1.
  20. Thumbnail for Towards Open-World Generation of Stereo Images and Unsupervised Matching
    Qiao F, Xiong Z, Xing E, Jacobs N. 2025. Towards Open-World Generation of Stereo Images and Unsupervised Matching. In: IEEE/CVF International Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV).
  21. Thumbnail for LD-SDM: Language-Driven Hierarchical Species Distribution Modeling
    Sastry S, Xing X, Dhakal A, Khanal S, Ahmad A, Jacobs N. 2025. LD-SDM: Language-Driven Hierarchical Species Distribution Modeling. In: Computer Vision for Ecology (IEEE/CVF International Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV) Workshops).
  22. Thumbnail for DeclutterNeRF: Generative-Free 3D Scene Recovery for Occlusion Removal
    Liu W, Xiong Z, Li X, Jacobs N. 2025. DeclutterNeRF: Generative-Free 3D Scene Recovery for Occlusion Removal. In: 4th Computer Vision for Metaverse Workshop (IEEE/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR) Workshops).
  23. Thumbnail for good4cir: Generating Detailed Synthetic Captions for Composed Image Retrieval
    Kolouju P, Xing E, Pless R, Jacobs N, Stylianou A. 2025. good4cir: Generating Detailed Synthetic Captions for Composed Image Retrieval. In: SyntaGen: 2nd Workshop on Harnessing Generative Models for Synthetic Visual Datasets (IEEE/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR) Workshops).
  24. Thumbnail for ConText-CIR: Learning from Concepts in Text for Composed Image Retrieval
    Xing E, Kolouju P, Pless R, Stylianou A, Jacobs N. 2025. ConText-CIR: Learning from Concepts in Text for Composed Image Retrieval. In: IEEE/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR).
  25. Thumbnail for PanoDreamer: Consistent Text to 360 Scene Generation
    Xiong Z, Chen Z, Li Z, Xu Y, Jacobs N. 2025. PanoDreamer: Consistent Text to 360 Scene Generation. In: 4th Computer Vision for Metaverse Workshop (IEEE/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR) Workshops).
  26. Thumbnail for GOMAA-Geo: GOal Modality Agnostic Active Geo-localization
    Sarkar A, Sastry S, Pirinen A, Zhang C, Jacobs N, Vorobeychik Y. 2024. GOMAA-Geo: GOal Modality Agnostic Active Geo-localization. In: Neural Information Processing Systems (NeurIPS).
  27. Thumbnail for Prompt-guided and multimodal landscape scenicness assessments with vision-language models
    Levering A, Marcos D, Jacobs N, Tuia D. 2024. Prompt-guided and multimodal landscape scenicness assessments with vision-language models. PLOS ONE.
  28. Thumbnail for Vision-Language Pseudo-Labels for Single-Positive Multi-Label Learning
    Xing X, Xiong Z, Stylianou A, Sastry S, Gong L, Jacobs N. 2024. Vision-Language Pseudo-Labels for Single-Positive Multi-Label Learning. In: Workshop on Representation Learning with Very Limited Images.
  29. Thumbnail for Sat2Cap: Mapping Fine-Grained Textual Descriptions from Satellite Images
    Dhakal A, Ahmad A, Khanal S, Sastry S, Kerner HR, Jacobs N. 2024. Sat2Cap: Mapping Fine-Grained Textual Descriptions from Satellite Images. In: IEEE/ISPRS Workshop: Large Scale Computer Vision for Remote Sensing (EARTHVISION).
  30. Thumbnail for GeoSynth: Contextually-Aware High-Resolution Satellite Image Synthesis
    Sastry S, Khanal S, Dhakal A, Jacobs N. 2024. GeoSynth: Contextually-Aware High-Resolution Satellite Image Synthesis. In: IEEE/ISPRS Workshop: Large Scale Computer Vision for Remote Sensing (EARTHVISION).
  31. Thumbnail for Unifying Guided and Unguided Outdoor Image Synthesis
    Rafique MU, Zhang Y, Brodie B, Jacobs N. 2021. Unifying Guided and Unguided Outdoor Image Synthesis. In: New Trends in Image Restoration and Enhancement (IEEE/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR) Workshops). 776–785. DOI: 10.1109/CVPRW53098.2021.00087.
  32. Thumbnail for Generative Appearance Flow: A Hybrid Approach for Outdoor View Synthesis
    Rafique MU, Blanton H, Snavely N, Jacobs N. 2020. Generative Appearance Flow: A Hybrid Approach for Outdoor View Synthesis. In: British Machine Vision Conference (BMVC).
  33. Thumbnail for Learning to Look around Objects for Top-View Representations of Outdoor Scenes
    Schulter S, Zhai M, Jacobs N, Chandraker M. 2018. Learning to Look around Objects for Top-View Representations of Outdoor Scenes. In: European Conference on Computer Vision (ECCV). DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-01267-0_48.
  34. Thumbnail for Predicting Ground-Level Scene Layout from Aerial Imagery
    Zhai M, Bessinger Z, Workman S, Jacobs N. 2017. Predicting Ground-Level Scene Layout from Aerial Imagery. In: IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR). DOI: 10.1109/CVPR.2017.440.